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Mar. 20, 1.

E. H. BELDEN.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

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FILED AUGJG. i918.

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Mar. 20, 1923, 1,448,781.

E. H. BELDEN.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

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awwwtoz Edward H. Bela/en.

Patented Mar. 20, 1923.

UNITED STATES 1,448,781 PATENT OFFICE.

EDWARD H. BELDEN. OF TOLEDO. OHIOv ASSIGI IOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO THE WILLYS-OVERLAND COMPANY, OF TOLEDO, OHIO. A CORPORATION OF OHIO.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Application filed August 26, 1918. Serial No. 251,510.

7 0 all whom if ma 1 conce n:

l e it known that l, Emvann ll. llamas, a citizen of the United States. residing at Toledo. county of Lucas, and State of Ohio. have invented certain new and useful Improvements in lnternal-(ombustion 111- gines. of which I declare the following to he a full. clear. and exact description.

This invention relates broadly to internal combustion engines and more particularly to a novel arrangement of a casting en bloc having a plurality of cylinders including an integral transverse inlet manifold and certain valve chambers. together with a water jacket and engine base or partial crank casing in combination with certain inlet and exhaust manifolds. carluiretor and air intake therefor. arranged so that an extremely simplified construction of engine will he provided and moreover a material saving of longitudinal or lateral space occupied by the engine assembly with its co-operating elements will he obtained.

'lhus the objects otthis invention include the provision of a simple arrangement of mnltiple cylinder casing with an integral internal inlet passage therefor forming an engine unit of such character as may be readily cast. the simplilied construction referred to facilitating for example the method of releasing and withdrawing the patterns from the molds for the casting. thus facilitating the casting and manufacture of the engine, the unit also providing certain inherent advantages in the. construction thereof when completed.

Further objects of thefinvention are to provide an arrangement of separate inlet and exhaust manifolds for the engine cast ing to facilitate the construction of the \vhole assembly and to provide such inlet and exhausts that the mixture from the carluiretul' is heatcd before entering into the engine cylinders and. moreover. the air drawn in by the carburetor may also be preheated by the exhaust. the whole being ar ranged so as to provide a compact and complete assembly with the resultant saving of considerable lateral space. Moreover. by the arrangement referred to the carbureted mixture is maintained.more uniformly at a a constant. even temperature corresponding ti. and depending upon that under which-the engine i working regardless of variations in the external temperature of the air originally taken in the carburetor.

Further objects of the invention relate to the various details of constructions. arrangements of parts. and association of elements described herein. but it is to he understood that the invention in its broad concept is not limited to the details utilized in the specitie embodiments illustrated as one means for carrying the invention into effect. but that the same may be varied to include any and all means capable of use as indicated herein to attain the objects hereof.

A structure illustrating one means for carrying the invention into eflect and show-- ing certain embodiments is illustrated in the drawings forming a part of this specification. in which:

Figure I is a transverse sectional view showing a four cylinder engine taken on the line l-I of Figure II;

Figure I] is a part sectional and part ele vational view of the engine taken on the line ]I--ll of Figure I;

Figure III is a transverse sectional view taken on the line IIIIII of Figure I. certain of the parts being shown in the ele' ration;

Figures IV and V are sectional views taken on the line IV-IV and V-V of Figure I.

Figure VI is a transverse sectional view corresponding to Figure I. showing the invention applied to a six cylinder engine.

Figure VII is a part sectional and part elevational view of the engine illustrated in Figure VI taken on the ine VII-VII of Figure VI.

Similar reference numerals refer to similar parts throughout the several views. and the sections are taken looking in the direction of the arrows at the end of the section line.

Referring to Figures 1. II and 111. it will be seen that by this invention there is provided a main casting 1O constituting a complete unitary casting which includes four cylinders (11. 12. 13and 14). an integral internal and in this case transverse intake pipe 15. intake and exhaust valve chambers 17 and 18 for each cylinder. a water jacket 19 formed by the cylinder walls and outer wall 20, together with an integral engine base or an upper half of crank casing indi cated at 22. The internal pipe 15 referred to crank casing 22 may also include half "bearlugs '26 for the crank shaft of the engine, together with the bearings 27 for the engine cam shaft. The complete unitarvcasting referred to may also include the tappet bear ing hubs 28 and the valve stem bearings 29 as shown in Figures II and III.

As clearly shown in Figure Leach of the inlet valve chambers 17 for the cylinders 11 and 12 are provided with a common chamber 30. while the corresponding inlet valve chamber 17 for the cylinders 13 and 14 also has a common inlet chamber 31.

As a part of the lubricating system for the engine, the fly wheel casing 24 is provided with an oil receiving reservoir 35 with a conduit 36 extending therefrom. as shown in Figure III to communicate with a longitudinal conduit 37 from which transverse conduits 38 branch off to supply lubricatin oil to the bearings 26 for the crank shaft. tach of these elements are cast in e ral with the casting 10. Various other de this used with in an internal combustion engine could also be readily cast with the casting so. far de scribed by persons skilled in the art. and it is evident that the invention is in no Way limited to the use of a casting including the. particular (o-operating parts illustrated herein. as certain of the same maybe orni ted as an integral part of the casting and others may he added thereto. The particular ca? in; described as heretofore intimated, is of such a character that in making the patterns for the mold from which the castinc is taken the same may be so constructed as to be readily withdrawn in making up the separate molds and hence the casting of the engine unit 10 is thereby facilitated.

The upper end of the casting 10 including the upper ends of the cylinders. well the adjacent parts as illustrated in Figure I- rnay be machined if des c-l as to receive a separate cylinder head 40. The separate head 46 is adapted to cover the cm .rc upper portion of the cylinders and has cast inter grallv therewith a plurality of chambers ti. one for each of the cylinders l 1:". l3 and 11 and a water return conduit communieating with the water jacket l9.

Referring to Figure Ill. it will be seen that secured to the casting l adjacent one opening of the inlet pipe 13 is a carburetor which may be of any type dc ircd. while sccnrcd to thc othcr cnd of thc pipc 15 is a scpal'atc tno arnn-d inlct nninil ld ii. ne

.ceivcs the hcatcd air from branch of the inlet manifold 47 leading to the chamber 30 anglfthe other branch thereof, notshownin the drawings. communicatin with the chamber Ell. An exhaust manifold 50 located close to and above the inlct manifold 47 hasia plurality of arms 51 for communicating with the several exhaust valve chambers 18 of each of the cylinders. Any suitable means for retaining the inlet and exhaust manifolds to the casting may be used and. as shown. there is provided a. plurality of retainer spiders 5:2. having bolts 53 secured into suitable screw threaded openings 54 in the castingias will be readily understood fromreference to Figures ll and III.

Extending from the exhaust manifold 51) on one side'of the engine into the carburetor on another side thereof is an arched connecting pipe 55 having an intake terminal 56 located over the exhaust. manifold 3i! adaptedto receive air from around the exhaust manifold and deliver the samc through the pipe 5:) and hence by a hollow arm 58 to the carburetor 45. The pipe is connected with the hollo arm 58. as shown. the arm being secured to the carburetor l5 and adjacen-tthe connections between thc arm and terminal 57 of pipe 55. there is provided a plurality of openings fit) to admit air directly to the arm 58. while snrrouiuling the arm 58 is a valve in the form of a tuhiu lar sleeve 60 which may be adjusted to reg-nlate the amount of air drawn directly into the carburetor la; through the openings rather than through the pipe 5:3 which rc- Il'lil'lllltl l b i haust'manifold 5H.

lly tiic arrangcment ilo. dcsrribrwi, it

will be apparent that there is prmidcd a sii'npliiicd. compact internal comlun-tion en gine assembly having many advanta ws. The mis ing 10 has. a par: there-oi. the base and ball crank casing Zl. incc her with the cylinders thereof. thc \vatcr jacket. and an integral internal inlet pipc l5. 'lhns. a shown. the carhnrctor l5 may be located on one side of the ngine and thc intalcc firexhaust manilotd'on (in this case the oppositc) another side thereof. h-aiing in the inlet manifold l? a spacc within which may he locat'cd. fort ihthc gcncr used with the cngin'c.

\lorcorcr. thc trans verse inlet pipc 15 passing directly adja ent thc cylindcrs l3 and i i. and through fin Watccjackct. as will hc apparent from nrc providc. m an- 'or matcriallv p h ating the inlet ini tnrc rcccivcd from tiw cr uluiretor 45. thus prrcnting condcnsation oi' the vapor providing for a rcvaporization oi any possildc vapor cond nscd. licsidw maintaining the tempcraturc of thc inlr-i mixture received in thc cylinder at an dc ircd uniform heat. controlled by thc ln'nt ol' lln' cylinders and water jacket. ilt-w llU ll tl leaving the pipe 15. the mixture is n|aintained in heated condition by reason of the close proximity of the exhaust manifold 50 with the inlet manifold 4T. It will be noted that a Hlnlltltl' inlet manit'old +7 and exhaust manifold fi each separate from the casting lit. are provided in the construction forming a part of this invention. the same being located outside the water jacket of the engine. as it has been found that this combination of separable manifolds with the type. of casting described herein is particularly capable of manufacture in an etiicient manner on a large scale.

The modification shown in Figures VI and \II is substantially the same. in so far as the )resent invention is concerned. as that of l igures I. II and Ill excepting that the illustration of Figures VI and VII is of a six cylinder instead of the four cylinder type illustrated in the other tigures. In this instance the transverse inlet pipe 15 is located between the two sets of three each of the cylinders of the engine as shown. while the inlet manifold 47' has several arms necessary to connect with the several inlets for the various cylinders in this embodiment of the invention. the branch To connecting with the inletchamber 3H. while the branch Tl connects with an inlet chamber 72 for the extra cylinder 73. the inlet chamber 30 in this case connecting with each of the cylinders it and 12' as shown. ()n the other side of the inlet pipe 15 a branch (not shown) from the inlet manit'old 47' connects with the inlet chamber 74 for the other cylinder 75 and a further branch (not shown) connects with the inlet chamber 31 connnon to each of the cylinderS 13'. 14'.

It will he understood that the assembly and construction of the modificatimi shown in Figures VI and VII is otherwise substantially the same as that of the embodiment. of the invention illustrated in Figures I to V and a further description thereof is. therefore. deemed unnecessary.

.\s heretofore indicated. it is to be understood that this invention is capable of considerable variation from the details of the construction described herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as pointed out in the appended claims.

llaving thus described my invention. what I claim new and desire to see-lire by Letters Patent. is:

l. The method of supplying a mixture to an internal combustion engine which consists in heating the air supply from the exhaust gases. conveying the heated air over the engine cylinders to a carburetor. charging the heated air through a earlmretor to form a fuel mixture. passing the mixture through a heated conduit between two o the cylinders of the engine. and finally admitting the mixture to the engine.

2. In an internal combustion engine the combination of a plurality of cylinders. intake and exhaust manifolds at one side of said engine. a mixture conduit connected at one end with said intake manifold and extending transversely between two of said cylinders. a carburetor located on the opposite side of said engine and connected with the other end of said conduit. and an air supply tube extending from a point adjacent said exhaust manifold over said cylinders to said carburetoiz' 3. In an internal combustion engine. the combination of a plurality of alined cylinders. intake and exhaust manifolds at one side of said engine. a mixture conduit integral with said cylinders and extending transversely between two thereof. one end of said conduit being connected with said inlet manifold. a carburetor connected to the opposite end of said conduit. a stove on said exhaust manifold and an arched conduit connecting said stove and said carhm'e tor and extending up over the top of said cylinders.

4. The method of supplying a mixture to internal combustion engines which consists in heating the main air supply passing it thru a conduitto a -arhuretor. slightly heating the conduit. adding cool air to said heated air. charging this air thru the carburetor to form a fuel, passing it thru a conduit. heating said conduit to a greater degree than the first mentioned conduit and admitting this heated mixture to the engine.

5. In an internal combustion engine con struction. the combination of a plurality of cylinders. inlet and exhaust manifolds lo rated on one side of said cylinders. a carburetor located on the opposite side of said cylinders. means passing over said cylinders to supply heated air from around said exhaust manifold to said carburetor. means adjacent the carburetor for supplying cold air to said heated air. and means to supply the carbureted mixture to said inlet mani fold. said means being heated by the cylinders to prevent condensation of said mixture before entering the said cylinders.

In testimony whereof. I affix my signature.

EDIVARD H. BELDEN. 

